Smut-mill



2 Sheets-Sheet L v J. CORMACK Smut Mill.

Patented Oct. '7, 1856.

v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. W. CORMACK.

Smut Mill.

Patented Oct. 7, 1856.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOEL W. C-ORMACK, OF QUINCY, ILLINOIS.

SMUT-MILL.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 15,841, dated October 7, 1856.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOEL WV. CoRMAoK, of the city of Quincy, in thecounty of Adams and State of Illinois, have invented certain new anduseful improvements in smut-mills for the purpose of cleaning andscouring grain, hulling rice and buckwheat, pearling barley, and otherscouring and cleaning operations upon grain-seeds; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full and exact description thereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters ofreference marked thereon.

Like letters refer to like parts.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the machine where two sets of scouringsurfaces are used. Fig. 2 is a. sectional view of the machine where oneset of scouring surfaces are used. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of oneof the stationary cones with its scouring surface. Fig. 4 is aperspective View of the bottom of one of the revolving cones. Fig.

5 is a perspective view of the bottom of the breaking cone with creepersor flights attached.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improvement Iwill proceed to describe its construction and operation.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a smut machine where two sets of scouringsurfaces are used. A is a cap placed upon the conical cap B for thepurpose of covering the top end of the shaft D. The spout C is for thepurpose of conveying the grain into the machine. D is the shaft to whichthe revolving cones are made part. The conical cap B is fastened to thetop plate 6, e, in any suitable manner and is made concave on its innerside, and provided with teeth or spikes placed in such a manner as topass between the teeth or spikes upon the convex side of the revolvingcone E. The cone E is provided on its convex side with teeth or spikessimilar to those on the conical cap B, for the purpose of breaking thewhite cups, straw, and all other foreign substances. By this process thegrain is prepared for scouring and cleaning. To the lower side of therevolving cone E, at, or near the outer edge, are creepers or flights 0,c, bolted or fastened at a proper angle, to push or feed the grain intothe hopper F. The hopper F conveys the grain to the center where itfallsthrough the revolving cone H, into the concave side of the stationarycone I. The revolving cone H is provided on its lower convex side with aseries of rims or flanges as is represented in Fig. 4, and marked J, J,J, J.

faces on one or both sides as though most proper. The lower edges of therims or flanges J, J, J, J, upon the cones H and M are placed as nearthe surface of the Stationary cones I, and N as can be, and not crushthe grain that might be forced between them. The cones E, H and M arefastened to the shaft D, and revolve with it, also the revolving cones Hand M are provided with openings X for the purpose of supplying air tothe suction through, between the revolving and stationary cones, whichsuction, is caused by the motion of the revolving cones, and its rims,or flanges also to allow the grain to fall upon the stationary cone I.This draft or suction between the conesis considered an important pointin the operation of the machine. The stationary cone I is provided withcorrugated or rough surfaces upon its concave side as is represented inFig. 3, for the purpose of securing the grain as it passes over it whileit is carried around by the force of the rims or flanges J J J J, andthe suction caused by the revolving cones combined with the centrifugalforce of the machine. K, K, are the bearers that support the stationarycone I. The hopper L receives the grain as itfalls over the outer edgeof the stationary cone I, and conveys it to the center where it fallsinto the stationary cone N, and is carried around and operated uponbetween the cones M and N as above described. The revolving cone M, thestationary cone N and the bearers O, O, are the same as H, I, and K. Thecase or hopper P, is for the purpose of receiving the grain as it passesfrom the scouring surfaces of the cones M and N and also answers for thepurpose of a fan chamber and is provided with the opening Q for thepurpose of supplying the fan with air, also is provided with the spout Bfor the purpose of conveying the grain out of the machine. S, is the fanfor forcing the air through the grain as it is passing through themachine for the purpose of driving the dust and all other like matterthrough the openings, T, and spouts U. The whole of these are surroundedby the perforated cases V, and WV as is represented, to which cases areattached the spouts U, as is seen by the drawings. The fan S, forces astrong currentof air between the outside cases V and W and the outeredges of the cones for the purpose of cleaning from dust and othermatter at a point when it, is v flat surface G, where it is kept loose,and

spread out to its thinnest and greatest surface which will be readilyseen to be a more perfect method than has been heretofore used and isone of the main points of the improvement. The arrows that pointdownward show the course of the grain in its passage through themachine. The arrows that point upward show the course of the currents ofair through the grain from the blast or fan S. The pulley Y is attachedto the shaft D, for the purpose of receiving a belt from the drivingpower. Z is the box for the shaft D to rest and run in. a, a, posts ofthe machine frame. a, e, is the top plate resting upon and fastened tothe posts a, a.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the machine when only one set of scouringsurfaces is used. It is the same as Fig. 1, with the revolving cone H,the stationary cone I and brace or legs K, the hopper L and perforatedcase V removed and the top plate 6, e,

and its attachments lowered down as is represented in Fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one of the stationary cones. I is thecone, X the air passage also to allow the shaft D to turn freely in it.h is the scouring surface corrugated or roughened.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the revolving cones. H, is thecone provided with the rims or flanges J, J J, J. These rims or flangesare divided into four parts each, or any number of parts required and asmany circles of them as is found proper to use operating as described.The sides of these rims or flanges are corrugated or roughened on one orboth sides as circumstances should require to present a large andsufficient scouring surface. The ends of these rims or flanges areangular for the purpose of forming creepers or flights for the purposeof forcing the grain outward in a spiral line in connection with therims and suction current of air. The grain passes over a grit scouringsurface. lVhere these rims or flanges meet at their ends is a passageleft for the free passage of the grain in its course from the inner tothe out edge of the stationary cone 1. The course the grain takes toreach the outside is indicated by the arrows. X is an opening for theair current and for the grain to fall through in its passage from thehopper L to the top side of the stationary cone I.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the bottom of the breaking cone E withthe creepers or flights attached.

In the operation of this machine the grain enters in at the spout C andpasses downward between the conical cap B, and the revolving cone E. Inpassing through between the teeth or spikes of the cap and cone E itbreaks the white caps, straw hulls, and other foreign matter, then fallsupon the is fed into the hopper F, by the creepers or flights c, 0. Itthen passes down the hopper F and falls through the revolving cone Hupon the stationary cone I, it then is carried outward by the effect ofthe suction and centrifugal force of the revolving cone and is securedby the action of the corrugated or roughened surfaces of the rims orflanges J, J, J, J, and stationary cone I, as it passes over them andthrough the openings as is represented. The arrows in Fig. 4 indicatethe manner it passes from one chamber or set of rims to the other. Whenit reaches the outer edge of the stationary cone it falls over it anddown into the hopper L. As it passes over the edge of the stationarycone it strikes a strong current of air and it being spread out thin andover a large surface it will be cleaned in a more effectual manner thanhas been heretofore used. The arrangement for having a strong current ofair strike the grain when it is spread over its greatest extent and inits thinnest position is one of the great advantages of this machine.The grain then passes down the hopper L, then through the revolving coneM to the stationary cone N and then passes out of these cones in thesame manner as out of the upper set of scouring surfaces, it then fallsinto the fan chamber P and passes out of the machine by the spout R.

The great advantages of this machine are, it has a large scouringsurface and that sur face placed in such a manner as to produce thegreatest effect required upon the grain with less power than any othermachine and at the same time the different currents of air from the fanchambers is such in combination with the rest of the machine that itdoes not allow the grain to roll in the dust and dirt but keeps it looseand removes the dust and other substances as fast as it is scoured, fromthe grain, also when the rims or scouring surface are worn out they canbe easily removed, and new ones put in their places at a very slightexpense as most of the machine is made of cast iron.

Having thus fully described the construction and operation of myinvention I do not claim the creepers, or flanges or cone in themselvesas new.

hat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- Thecombination of the cones E, and creepers 0, 0, arranged and operating inconnection with the flanged rims J, J, J, J, attached to the cones H andM, in the manner and for the purpose set forth and described.

JOEL w. OORMAGK. a 3.

Witnesses:

F. C. VALKER, HORACE L. HERVEY.

